Explanation of the characteristics and laws of automotive connecting lines

Car connecting wires generally use a single wire, with electrical equipment connected in parallel and the negative electrode grounded. The wires are distinguished by different colored wires and numbers, and are divided into several main wires with the ignition switch as the center. Let's explain the rules!
1. Battery positive wire:
The car connecting wire can be directly led from the battery to the fuse box, or directly from the battery positive wire to the starting terminal, where the thin positive wire is led to other circuits.
2. Ignition, instrument, and light wires:
The circuit must be connected through the vehicle key.
3. Special Line:
No matter how the engine works, electrical equipment that needs to be connected, such as the cigarette lighter of the recorder, is equipped with a single stage ignition switch for power supply.
4. Start control line:
The control switch (touch screen) that operates the main circuit through the car's connecting wire is often turned on and off by a magnetic switch. There are three wiring methods in total. The electromagnetic switch of the low-power starter has an attractive coil holding coil controlled by the starting range of the ignition switch. The suction and holding coils of high-power starters are controlled by starting relays (Dongfeng Jiefang, Mitsubishi heavy-duty vehicles, etc.); In cars with automatic transmissions, in order to ensure neutral starting, the starting control line is often connected in series with the neutral switch.
5. Voting rate:
The nodes of the car connection line are distributed throughout the entire body of the car and connected with different metals. If iron, copper and aluminum, aluminum and iron form electrode potential differences, some nodes are easily contaminated by mud, oil, rust, etc. Some nodes are made of thin metal sheets, and the indicator light may not light up, which may cause malfunctions such as the instrument not working or the horn not sounding. Therefore, some cars use double layer switches.
Wiring rules for power systems
1. The generator must be connected in parallel with the battery, and the negative pole of the battery must be grounded.
2. There is a label or name next to the terminals of domestic silicon rectifier generators
3. Alternator with built-in regulator
Starting System Wiring Rules
1. The ignition switch directly controls the starter circuit:
The ignition switch directly controls the engine's pull-in and holding coil through the starting gear, and is commonly used in automotive circuits with engines below 1.2KW; The coil current of the electromagnetic switch of a starter above 1.5KW is above 40A, and the starting relay contact is used as a switch.
2. Starter control circuit with start protection:
When the ignition switch of the starter is set to 0, the circuit is completely disconnected.
When the ignition switch is in 2nd gear, in addition to the above circuits, a start relay circuit is also connected. The positive terminal of the battery - ammeter - ignition switch - starter relay coil - relay normally closed contact 3354 is connected to the negative terminal of the battery 3354 starter drive body. At the same time, the bridge is connected to the bypass contact of the ignition coil, and the current passes through the primary side of the ignition coil, cutting off the additional resistance. After the ignition of the engine, the neutral point n of the generator to the ground voltage (the regulating voltage of the generator is about 0.5 ℃) opens the normally closed contact of the starting protective relay, cuts off the charging lamp and passes through this point, and the charging lamp goes out, indicating that the generator works normally. In addition, the braking circuit of the starting relay coil was also cut off. When the generator is working normally, even if the ignition switch is mistakenly turned to 2nd gear, the starter will not engage with the flywheel, and the flywheel ring and starter will not be damaged. 4. Wiring rules for ignition system
Automotive ignition systems can be divided into traditional "contact" ignition systems, non-contact ignition systems, and microcomputer controlled ignition systems. In some cases, the piston of a certain cylinder is located at a certain angle before the top dead center of compression, the self induced electromotive force in the primary coil (about 300V), and the secondary coil induces each other to generate a high pulse voltage (6000-30000V).
Wiring rules for lighting systems
The automotive lighting system generally consists of headlights, position lights, taillights, license plates, instrument lights, interior lights, etc. The headlamp is divided into high beam lamp and low beam lamp, which are controlled by the dimmer switch.
Lighting is controlled by an electric light switch. The light switch is turned off in position 0, position 1 is for small lights (including direction indicators 1032/5000Tors, tail lights, instrument lights, license plate lights), and position 2 is for both headlights and small lights to light up simultaneously. The current of the lighting system generally comes from the positive pole of the battery and is not controlled by the ignition switch. Due to the high power of the headlights, the on-off is often controlled by the light relay, and the switch 2nd gear is used to control the relay coil. The over beam signal is indicated by the high beam light flashing, indicating that the signal was not sent through the light switch. A method of briefly opening a button.
Modern car lighting systems are often centrally controlled by combination switches, which are often installed on the steering column and located on the underside of the steering wheel. Drivers can ignore the steering wheel during operation.
The above is an explanation of the characteristics and rules of automotive connecting wires. If you want to learn more, please feel free to contact us!